Nave
Orvieto Cathedral
Italy
Today we explore interior features of cathedrals and great churches. These features contribute to the architectural and liturgical significance of cathedrals and great churches, enhancing both their aesthetic appeal and functional roles in religious practices.
Nave and Aisles
- Nave: The central part of a church, extending from the entrance to the transept (or to the chancel in churches without transepts). It’s typically flanked by aisles.
- Aisles: These are parallel passages on either side of the nave, separated from it by columns or piers.
Crossing and Transept
- Crossing: The area where the nave, chancel, and transept intersect. Often under a central tower or dome.
- Transept: The arms of the cross-shaped (cruciform) church layout, running perpendicular to the nave.
Chancel, Choir, and Presbytery
- Chancel: The space around the altar at the liturgical east end of a church, including the choir and sanctuary.
- Choir: The area between the nave and the altar, often where the choir sings. It includes choir stalls for clergy and choir members.
- Presbytery: The part of the church reserved for the clergy, usually located within the chancel.
Altar
- Altar: A table or flat-topped block used as the focus for religious rituals, particularly the Eucharist.
Choir Stalls and Organ
- Choir Stalls: Rows of seating in the choir area for clergy and choir members, often elaborately carved.
- Organ: A large musical instrument with pipes, typically located in the choir or nave, used for accompaniment during services.
Font, Lectern, and Pulpit
- Font: A basin used for baptism, often located near the entrance.
- Lectern: A stand used to hold the Bible from which scripture readings are read during services.
- Pulpit: A raised platform or stand used for preaching.
Decoration
- Decoration: This includes stained glass windows, frescoes, mosaics, sculptures, and other artistic elements that adorn the church interior, often depicting biblical scenes and saints.
Medieval
Lincoln Cathedral
England
Baroque
Schontal Abbey
Schontal, Germany
Byzantine
Hagia Eirene
Istambul, Turkey
Romanesque
Hildesheim Cathedral
Gothic
Rouen Cathedral
Lantern tower with ribbed vault
Gothic Octagon
Norman Ely Cathedral
Rococo variation on the Russian Tented roof
Church of the Theotokos of the Sign
Dubrovitsy
Pantheon
Paris
Dome on a rotunda
Norman choir
Peterborough Cathedral
England
Brick Gothic
Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul
Gliwice, Poland
Gothic Choir
Amiens Cathedral
France
Choir and papal altar
St Peter’s Basilica
Rome
Gothic Revival reredos with east window
Ely Cathedral
England
Baroque altarpiece
St Nicolaus Basilica
Bochnia, Poland
Neo-Baroque ciborium
Cathedral Nueva
Cuenca, Ecuador
Tapestry by Graham Sutherland
Coventry Cathedral
England
Contemporary Iconostasis
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
Chicago
Organ
Almudena Cathedral
Madrid, Spain
Choirstalls, screen, and lectern
Albi Cathedral
France
Choir
Norwich Cathedral
England
Font
Salamanca Cathedral
Spain
Lectern
Beverley Minster
England
Ambo
Sant’Apollinare Nuovo
Ravenna
Pulpit
Church of St Laurentius
Lokeren, Belgium
Pulpit
Sarajevo Cathedral
Borna and Herzegovina
Murals
Vologda Cathedral
Russia
Byzantine Style Mosaics
Monreale Cathedral
Sicily